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Analysis of friction of hip joint replacements with modification of surface topography
Němeček, Daniel ; Quinn, Cheney (referee) ; Nečas, David (advisor)
Hip endoprosthesis introduces an effective treatment for patients suffering from advanced stages of hip degeneration. Despite the advancements made in recent years, limited longevity negatively affects the application of this technology in young patients. The main mechanism which causes limited longevity is wear, which depends on the friction and lubrication of the joint. This thesis aims to observe the effect of a textured surface on a UHMWPE polyethylene cup combined with a smooth femoral head as a solution, which may reduce the friction and wear of the contact surfaces. Two textured cups and three smooth femoral heads were used in the experiment (ceramic, metal, oxinium). The results showed that the textured surface has a positive effect on both reducing friction and providing more stability with the use of synovial fluid. A significant reduction in friction is observed for the surface with smaller dimples rather than for the surface with larger ones. Specifically, the combination of a ceramic femoral head and a finely dimpled surface resulted in the reduction of friction by 66 %. Attention was also paid to the effect of the load on the hip. In most cases, the load did not significantly impact the results. It can be assumed that reducing the friction at the joint leads to the reduction of the rate of wear, thus increasing the implant longevity.
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An experimental investigation of friction coefficient in hip joint replacements
Tkadlec, Tadeáš ; Urban, Filip (referee) ; Nečas, David (advisor)
This bachelor thesis deals with an experimental analysis of friction coefficient within hip joint replacements. The measurements were realized on Mini Traction Machine device in ball-on-disc configuration. The main goal was to determine the effect of implant material, kinematic conditions and model synovial fluid composition on the development of coefficient of friction as a function of time. For this purpose, three different materials (metal, ceramic, polymer), two mean speeds (5.7 mm/s; 22m/s), three different slide-to-roll ratios (SRR = 0 %, SRR = -150 %; SRR = 150 %) and six various model fluids containing albumin and -globulin in a various ratios and concentrations were employed. The results are evaluated in the form of graphs showing the dependence of friction coefficient on time and are confronted with previously published studies.
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Analysis of THR lubrication with the use of fluorescent microscopy
Tkadlec, Tadeáš ; Daniel, Matej (referee) ; Nečas, David (advisor)
This diploma thesis deals with an experimental analysis of lubrication of total hip joint replacement using fluorescence microscopy, focusing on so-called soft bearing pairs. Experiments were realized using a hip joint simulator, which was modified and refined for fluorescence microscopy. The aim of this diploma thesis was to determine the effect of the individual components of the synovial fluid on the lubrication mechanisms. For this purpose, different model fluids were designed to represent the composition of proteins and other synovial fluid constituents to elucidate the effect of albumin, -globulin and hyaluronic acid on the resulting lubrication performance. The experiments were separate into two categories different in type of load, dynamic (representative walking) and combined (representing standing with short walk). The experimental results were time-dependent fluorescence intensity values, representing dimensionless film thickness parameters. The values were recorded on the graphs and supplemented with fluorescence images taken during the characteristic sections of the measurements. The measured data was subsequently confronted with previously published articles. It was found that the dominant constituent responsible form film thickness is albumin, while -globulin and hyaluronic acid forms thin stable layer enhancing adsorption ability of albumin which contributes to increase of film thickness eventually.
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Use of nordic walking after hip joint replacement
KASLOVÁ, Pavlína
This bachelor thesis deals with the use of Nordic walking after hip joint replacement. The theoretical part is divided into two parts. The first part describes the issue of Nordic walking and the proper technique of Nordic walking. Furthermore, this section describes the advantages and disadvantages of Nordic walking and the most common mistakes when walking with sticks. The second part briefly describes the anatomy of the hip joint, coxarthrosis as one of the most common indications for hip joint replacement and there are also mentioned types of hip replacements and subsequent rehabilitation after surgery. The practical part is processed in the form of qualitative research using case reports. The research group consisted of 3 probands who were no more than 1 year after hip replacement. At the first meeting I prepared an initial kinesiological analysis of all probands, according to which I treated them therapeutically and with each I learned the Nordic walking method. Probands walked with sticks regularly 2 - 3 times a week and at the same time performed the exercises I assigned them. After 3 months, I prepared an output kinesiological analysis for each proband and I obtained a subjective evaluation of the Nordic walking method from each of them. This bachelor thesis had a total of 3 goals. The first goal was to describe the issue of Nordic walking and the correct technique of walking with sticks. To describe the advantages and disadvantages of Nordic walking was another goal of the work. Both these objectives are part of the theoretical part. The last aim was to describe the possibilities of applying the Nordic walking method after hip replacement. I found out the results of this goal through the research part, where in all probands there was either a reduction in the pain of the operated hip joint or an increase in the range of motion and muscle strength in the area of the hip joint. However, there was also a positive effect on other parts of the body. For example, reduced neck spine pain. The bachelor thesis can be used as an educational material for physiotherapists who want to include the Nordic walking method in the medical rehabilitation of patients after hip replacement, or it can serve as a source of information for patients.
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Analysis of friction of hip joint replacements with modification of surface topography
Němeček, Daniel ; Quinn, Cheney (referee) ; Nečas, David (advisor)
Hip endoprosthesis introduces an effective treatment for patients suffering from advanced stages of hip degeneration. Despite the advancements made in recent years, limited longevity negatively affects the application of this technology in young patients. The main mechanism which causes limited longevity is wear, which depends on the friction and lubrication of the joint. This thesis aims to observe the effect of a textured surface on a UHMWPE polyethylene cup combined with a smooth femoral head as a solution, which may reduce the friction and wear of the contact surfaces. Two textured cups and three smooth femoral heads were used in the experiment (ceramic, metal, oxinium). The results showed that the textured surface has a positive effect on both reducing friction and providing more stability with the use of synovial fluid. A significant reduction in friction is observed for the surface with smaller dimples rather than for the surface with larger ones. Specifically, the combination of a ceramic femoral head and a finely dimpled surface resulted in the reduction of friction by 66 %. Attention was also paid to the effect of the load on the hip. In most cases, the load did not significantly impact the results. It can be assumed that reducing the friction at the joint leads to the reduction of the rate of wear, thus increasing the implant longevity.
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The case study of physiotherapy treatment of a patient with the diagnosis of ankylosing with rhizomelic disability and after left hip joint replacement surgery
Cvachová, Adéla ; Novotná, Irena (advisor) ; Zinková, Iva (referee)
Title: The case study of physiotherapy treatment of a patient with the diagnosis of ankylosing spondylitis with rhizomelic disability and after left hip joint replacement surgery Author: Adéla Cvachová Summary: The bachelor thesis is focused on the issue of rehabilitation after rheumatic surgery of the left hip joint, indicated from rheumatic ankylosing spondylitis disease with rhizomelic disability. It consists of two parts - theoretical and practical. In the theoretical part, the thesis deals with the etiology of genesis, diagnosis clinical presentation, treatment options for ankylosing spondylitis and problematice of rheumatosurgery of the hip joint. The practical part is focused on physiotherapeutic treatment of the patient after total hip replacement with ankylosing spondylitis taken into account. The case study was based on four weeks praxis in the Rheumatology Institute in Prague in January 2019. Key words: case study, ankylosing spondylitis, rheumatic disease, rheumatosurgery, hip joint replacement, physiotherapy Name of diagnosis: M45 Ankylosing spondylitis
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Analysis of THR lubrication with the use of fluorescent microscopy
Tkadlec, Tadeáš ; Daniel, Matej (referee) ; Nečas, David (advisor)
This diploma thesis deals with an experimental analysis of lubrication of total hip joint replacement using fluorescence microscopy, focusing on so-called soft bearing pairs. Experiments were realized using a hip joint simulator, which was modified and refined for fluorescence microscopy. The aim of this diploma thesis was to determine the effect of the individual components of the synovial fluid on the lubrication mechanisms. For this purpose, different model fluids were designed to represent the composition of proteins and other synovial fluid constituents to elucidate the effect of albumin, -globulin and hyaluronic acid on the resulting lubrication performance. The experiments were separate into two categories different in type of load, dynamic (representative walking) and combined (representing standing with short walk). The experimental results were time-dependent fluorescence intensity values, representing dimensionless film thickness parameters. The values were recorded on the graphs and supplemented with fluorescence images taken during the characteristic sections of the measurements. The measured data was subsequently confronted with previously published articles. It was found that the dominant constituent responsible form film thickness is albumin, while -globulin and hyaluronic acid forms thin stable layer enhancing adsorption ability of albumin which contributes to increase of film thickness eventually.
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An experimental investigation of friction coefficient in hip joint replacements
Tkadlec, Tadeáš ; Urban, Filip (referee) ; Nečas, David (advisor)
This bachelor thesis deals with an experimental analysis of friction coefficient within hip joint replacements. The measurements were realized on Mini Traction Machine device in ball-on-disc configuration. The main goal was to determine the effect of implant material, kinematic conditions and model synovial fluid composition on the development of coefficient of friction as a function of time. For this purpose, three different materials (metal, ceramic, polymer), two mean speeds (5.7 mm/s; 22m/s), three different slide-to-roll ratios (SRR = 0 %, SRR = -150 %; SRR = 150 %) and six various model fluids containing albumin and -globulin in a various ratios and concentrations were employed. The results are evaluated in the form of graphs showing the dependence of friction coefficient on time and are confronted with previously published studies.
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